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In a previous article, I shared my own experience of depression and how my daily walking ritual helps me manage my mental health. I have been convinced for a long time now that walking has a profound impact on my mental health. As I child I could never sit still and just wanted to keep moving. I also walked on my tiptoes so my mother once asked the doctor why he thought I did this and his response was that my mind was further down the road than my body was. All my life I have frustrated those around me, particularly my school teachers, with my inability to sit still. I remember doing my Duke of Edinburgh award when I was a teenager and being given the nickname ‘Duracell Bunny Jon’ because whilst hiking across the peaks in the lake district I never wanted to stop for a break. A few years back I took part in a 100km walk for charity and I felt the same when we reached a checkpoint. I did not want to stop. I preferred to keep moving. I’m happiest when I’m moving. Let me describe my feelings when walking:
However, this is just my perspective and very anecdotal. So being the sports science geek that I am I decided to do a bit of research and see if there are any published journal articles on walking and mental health. Whilst researching I stumbled upon a research paper titled ‘Walking and hiking as a way of life’. I was not surprised to find out that a lot of people share my sentiment about this free and easily accessible form of exercise.
The walkers in this study were approached whilst walking in a nature park in Croatia and asked by the interviewers if they wouldn’t mind answering a few questions about their motivations for walking. The study interviewed 122 hikers and walkers, and the findings centred around three main experiences, with mental health being a common theme:
The following are some of the responses from the 122 walkers and hikers that were interviewed. They are direct translations from Czech so excuse the grammar:
“For me walking is connection with earth – that is something divine”
“Not sure why it has this impact – but there is something about the nature, the wood, peace, quiet, it is green”
“The people I meet here, there is just a different energy here”
“For me hiking is health, well-being, hiking fuels my life, forest is life for me.”
“I am here because the air is better. I love the forest; it is green in the summer. And the nature is really nice here.”
“Everything that is negative is just going out. By the walking, by the quiet. You make an effort, and you have the fresh air.”
“Here is better air, breathing is better quality, and it is good relaxation. For me it is escape from city, enjoying in nature and I never smoke when I’m here.”
“Nature relaxes me, makes me feel better, we always have some good tempo of walking. It is important for us, and I think it is the best way of relaxation. Hiking gives me better vitality, condition for life, and for living. Nothing can’t make any problem for me, everything is easier.”
“I feel good when I am here. I can feel it when I have been here.”
“We feel good physically and psychologically, I sleep well and healthy; it is pleasure, it is chance to see my friends and be with them, for me is very important knowledge that I do something for myself.”
“It is an exercise for me. I enjoy good conversation and fresh air. I can fill up my batteries. I can throw out the boring when I am here. I just see how simple everything is when you look at nature. I look at what is around.”
“I keep walking because it makes me feel good, I fuel my battery for the rest of the next week.”
“I love to be here today with my wife in the nature (very affectionate). This helps to relieve stress. I am not in the city environment, my cell phone is off.”
“I am coming here to relax and to get in good condition. I know if I am doing this I will have better physical condition. And also I will have a better psychology.”
“I use this hiking instead of a psychiatrist. It is good for the mind and for the physical. In one way I am tired when I finish, yet full of energy. I am full of energy, it is filling me.”
“This is like a balance between the physical and the spiritual. This is psychotherapy.”
“I am here 2 – 3 times a week, and every time in the week I am here walking. I feel sick if I don’t walk or sweat.”
“For me hiking means health and conditioning. I enjoy in walking. I wasn’t visit doctor since 1991.”
“For me hiking is health, physical and physiological relaxation, joy, during hiking I forget all problems.”
“I love it! I feel better the whole week when I have been hiking here. I have better health and I have a better mood
“This is a stress relief from a stressful week. And I am trying to learn my son to get with the nature.”
“This is something we can do with nature, something that promotes a peace.”
“I heal my depression here. It makes me internal pleasure and balance.”
Hiking means to me realising of stress, health, physiological and physical well being.”
“I am throwing out all this bad layers in my head and replacing it with fresh thoughts.”
“During hiking I forget all problems.”
It is clear from the walkers/hikers responses that they have discovered a real passion for walking in this particular part of the world and they believe that both their physical and mental health are all the better for it. I imagine there are some specific benefits to walking in a more natural environment such as this that are perhaps absent when walking through a built-up area such as a city. However, I know from my own personal experience that even walking through town still gives me a good feeling of well-being.
That’s all for now. I will keep digging and see what else I can find.
Stay active folks 🚶♀️
I often get asked what is the best form of exercise. Unfortunately it is not a question I can answer without asking a few questions of my own first.
Those of you that have completed our level 3 diploma in fitness instruction and personal training will be familiar with the terms specificity and individuality.
Specificity states that any change or adaptation in the body’s muscles, organs and systems will be very specific to the type of training. Therefore, before I can answer the question: what is the best form of exercise? I need to ask: what is the best form of exercise for what? If somebody wants to increase their running fitness then running is going to be pretty important for them! If someone just wants to improve their health i.e stronger joints and bones, and a stronger heart then walking is a pretty good choice.
Individuality states that for exercise to be both safe and effective the different physiological abilities, and preferences of the individual must also be considered. For example swimming can be great exercise for cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance and body composition. However, it isn’t so great if you cant actually swim! Furthermore, if you can swim but don’t enjoy swimming then it probably isn’t the best form of exercise for you either.
When deciding on what the best form of exercise is, you first need to identifying what exactly you want exercise to do for you; and when looking at the options consider whether it is something you will enjoy and likely to maintain.
These are my personal favourites.
This is probably my number one favourite activity.
The hills are great cardio, it is social, you get vitamin D from the sun, the views are great – and it’s free!
When it comes to improving your body composition then you cant beat resistance training. A carefully planned resistance programme using barbells, dumbbells, kettlebells and body weight exercises will burn body fat, improve posture and flexibility, condition the heart and lungs, increase muscular strength and endurance, increase bone density and joint stability, increase power and speed, the list goes on. You also feel great after a good session of lifting.
Running outdoors has a lot of the benefits of hiking with the added advantage of burning up more calories in a shorter time, and will also develop an even greater aerobic capacity. I try to get at least one run in a week, sometimes more. However, I am mindful that too much running does increase the wear and tear on the joints. If your over 35 then I would really encourage people to listen to their bodies and don’t be afraid to swap your run for a walk on those days when you feel like you need to. Keep it fun too. There are plenty of fun runs you can take part in whatever your ability.
As far as exercise goes, boxing for me is my guilty pleasure! For whatever reason putting the gloves on and whacking a bag, or sparring with a mate feels great. If getting punched in the head was good for you then I would spar two to three times a week. The cardio you get from sparring is awesome and it is great fun. Although, science and common sense indicates that getting punched in the head just once, let alone regularly is really not good for you. For this reason I probably wont spar anymore but I would hit a bag every day if I could.
Those are my favourites but I enjoy most things to be honest including Kayaking and Climbing!
I would do them all if I had the time.
So… what is the best form of exercise?
The one that will help you achieve your goals and that you get the most enjoyment from.